R: Vector Arithmetic
Let's begin by creating two vectors, x and y.
> #create a vector x with 5 components
> x=c(1,3,2,10,5)
> x
[1] 1 3 2 10 5
>
> #create a vector y consisting of 1 through 5
> y=1:5
> y
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
R code that will create a new vector by manipulating vector y.
> y + 4 # scalar addition
[1] 5 6 7 8 9
> 3*y # scalar multiplication
[1] 3 6 9 12 15
> y^3 # raise each component to the third power
[1] 1 8 27 64 125
> 2^y # raise 3 to the first through fifth power
[1] 2 4 8 16 32
> y # y itself has not been unchanged
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
> y = y*2 # redefine y - y is now changed
> y
[1] 2 4 6 8 10
Now, lets combine two vectors in various ways to create new vectors.
> x+y # add x and y
[1] 3 7 8 18 15
> x*y # multiply x and y
[1] 2 12 12 80 50
> x/y # divide x and y
[1] 0.5000000 0.7500000 0.3333333 1.2500000 0.5000000
> x^y # raise each x term to the corresponding y term
[1] 1 81 64 100000000 9765625
> z=x+y # add x and y, then assign to term z
> z # request
[1] 3 7 8 18 15
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